Why would you expect more than ~5% of black faculty when black people have been getting ~4-5% of all PhDs? (Source: https://www.amacad.org/humanities-indicators/higher-education/racialethnic-distribution-degrees-history).

There is a larger disparity in numbers of people who are full professor (~4%, source https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=61) though that's understandable if you notice that the average age of reaching full professor is 55, and in the 80s and the first half of the 90s (the relevant times to be 55 now) the rate of Ph.D's for black recipients was only around 4% (source: https://dpcpsi.nih.gov/sites/default/files/opep/document/Final_Report_(03-517-OD-OER)%202006.pdf, Figure 3-13, page 20).

So the numbers don't indicate a problem. Of course that doesn't mean that the experience of those people has been what it should--but they do seem to have, for the most part, gotten to where they should have, given their background.

If you want to find the source of the lack of parity between demographics of the country and of faculty, you can't look at the faculty process: you have to figure out why so few black people get Ph.D's.

Indeed, right now it appears to be an advantage to be black if you want a faculty position (though this could be because the black candidates are simply better on average due to racism dissuading the less-stellar candidates: one would need to check this carefully). In 2017, the share of new faculty who were black was 8% (source: http://1xfsu31b52d33idlp13twtos-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/REHE-2020-Chapter-6-individual.pdf, Figure 6-12 page 231--it doesn't list the percentage but you can measure the value off the graph) while the number of Ph.D. candidates in 2015 (splitting the difference between those fields that hire people directly out of Ph.D. and those that expect a postdoc) was, as we saw in my first link, only about 5%.

(I am not disputing other instances and types and effects of racism--I'm just disputing that the faculty numbers are evidence of a major problem at the level of hiring faculty. Of course, you could also argue that an affirmative action policy would be better, and black faculty should be overrepresented compared to black Ph.D recipients.)